Through the promotion of blood flow and positive nutrient partitioning, Nitric
Oxide (NO) has found an elite place amongst bodybuilding and fitness enthusiasts
looking to improve their physique. While some products merely doan adequate
job of accomplishing this goal, the ideal NO product can produce a proverbial
“skin-tearing” pump that provides the perfect physical and mental motivation
for training; a product that makes you feel unstoppable in the gym. It is
with this concept in mind that Designer Supplements introduces N.O. Limits™,
the evolutionary next step in Nitric Oxide signalling products.
Avoiding the trappings of unnecessary ingredients and proprietary blends,
N.O. Limits™ is comprised of four primary ingredients with attached ethyl
esters to enhance effectiveness, plus antioxidants to enhance safety and
long term efficacy. Additionally, while the pump alone may be impressive
enough for some, N.O. Limits™ combines Arginine Ethyl Ester with Lysine Ethyl
Ester for the first time ever in an NO product to maximize natural growth
hormone (GH) secretion.
Now, before we explain exactly why increased blood flow, increased nutrient
uptake, long-lasting pumps, and maximized GH secretion can make an athlete
feel as though there are N.O. Limits™ to what he or she can do, it is first
our duty to explain how.
N.O. Limits™, N.O. Nonsense
Traditional NO-boosting products use the NO precursor L-Arginine or a varied
structure of this amino acid in order to provide substrate for NO conversion1.
N.O. Limits™ not only provides the substrate using the new ethyl ester technology,
it also utilizes compounds that control Nitric Oxide production while also
providing anti-oxidants to control free radical release that Nitric Oxide
and physical exercise can cause. By paying close attention to these details,
N.O. Limits™ aims to not only prolong the efficacy of nitric oxide in users,
but also potentially correct the fact that NO-boosters do not work in all
users.
What is Nitric Oxide?
Nitric Oxide (NO) is a highly important signalling molecule in the body.
Interestingly, it is a gas, and even more interesting is that it is also
a free radical. While major research has recently indicated that NO is intimately
related to brain, stomach, kidney, liver and lung function, the major interest
bodybuilders and athletes have in NO is that it regulates blood flow and
can influence nutrient uptake. Initially referred to as the Endothelium-Derived
Relaxing Factor (EDRF), NO achieves its most tangible effect by causing the
outer wall (the smooth muscle) of the blood vessel to relax and dilate. More
specifically, NO binds to an enzyme known as guanylyl cyclase which catalyzes
the conversion of Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP) to 3’,5’-cyclic Guanosine
Monophosphate (cGMP). It is the cGMP that signals the smooth muscle to relax2.
The net result of this reaction allows more nutrient-rich blood to
travel through the artery thereby causing the effect commonly known as the
“pump”. Not only is the pump mentally motivating, but there is also speculation
that it may promote
increased protein synthesis in the stressed muscle3, and may increase creatine
synthesis4.
In summary, N.O. Limits™ is the best choice of NO-promotion available today,
and is excellent for:
N.O. Limits™ can be stacked with XCEED™ to form the perfect pre-workout cocktail
that will maximize your performance as you train, and promote your recovery
as you rest. The addition of Replenish™ post workout along with Glucophase
XR™ confers added benefit in terms of nutrient partitioning, active recovery,
and maximal cellular signalling to ensure the best results of each and every
workout. Going to the gym should be about maximum results for your effort
and it is for this reason that you should set N.O. Limits™ to your expectations.
For best results, take one serving of N.O. Limits™ 30 minutes prior to workout.
Use N.O. Limits™ for no longer than eight weeks at a time before cycling
off for six to eight weeks.
References
1. Schmidt HH, Walter U. NO at work. Cell. 1994 Sep 23;78(6):919-25.
2. Moncada S, Higgs A. The L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway. N Engl J Med.
1993 Dec 30;329(27):2002-12.
3. Paddon-Jones D, Borsheim E, Wolfe RR. Potential ergogenic effects of arginine
and creatine supplementation. J Nutr. 2004 Oct;134(10 Suppl):2888S-2894S;
discussion
2895S.
4. Barbul A. Arginine: biochemistry, physiology, and therapeutic implications.
JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 1986 Mar-Apr;10(2):227-38.
5. Foster G. L, Schoenheimer R, Rittenberg D. Studies in protein metabolism
V. The utilization of ammonia for amino acid and creatine formation in animals.
J. Biol. Chem. 1939
127: 319-327.
6. Tatsumi R, Hattori A, Ikeuchi Y, Anderson JE, Allen RE. Release of hepatocyte
growth factor from mechanically stretched skeletal muscle satellite cells
and role of pH and nitric
oxide. Mol Biol Cell. 2002 Aug;13(8):2909-18.
7. Tatsumi R, Liu X, Pulido A, Morales M, Sakata T, Dial S, Hattori A, Ikeuchi
Y, Allen RE. Satellite cell activation in stretched skeletal muscle and the
role of nitric oxide and hepatocyte
growth factor. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):C1487-94.
8. Balon TW, Nadler JL. Evidence that nitric oxide increases glucose transport
in skeletal muscle. J Appl Physiol. 1997 Jan;82(1):359-63.
9. Higaki Y, Hirshman MF, Fujii N, Goodyear LJ. Nitric oxide increases glucose
uptake through a mechanism that is distinct from the insulin and contraction
pathways in rat skeletal
muscle. Diabetes. 2001 Feb;50(2):241-7.
10. Yearick ES, Nadeau RG. Serum amino acid response to isocaloric test meals.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1967 Apr;20(4):338-44.
11. Dhanakoti SN, Brosnan JT, Herzberg GR, Brosnan ME. Renal arginine synthesis:
studies in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol. 1990 Sep;259(3 Pt 1):E437-42.
12. Castillo L, Chapman TE, Yu YM, Ajami A, Burke JF, Young VR. Dietary arginine
uptake by the splanchnic region in adult humans. Am J Physiol. 1993 Oct;265(4
Pt 1):E532-9.
13. Wilkerson JE, Batterton DL, Horvath SM. Exercise-induced changes in blood
ammonia levels in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1977 Dec 22;37(4):255-63.
14. Callis A, Magnan de Bornier B, Serrano JJ, Bellet H, Saumade R. Activity
of citrulline malate on acid-base balance and blood ammonia and amino acid
levels. Study in the
animal and in man. Arzneimittelforschung. 1991 Jun;41(6):660-3.
15. Suminski RR, Robertson RJ, Goss FL, Arslanian S, Kang J, DaSilva S, Utter
AC, Metz KF. Acute effect of amino acid ingestion and resistance exercise
on plasma growth
hormone concentration in young men. Int J Sport Nutr. 1997 Mar;7(1):48-60.
16. Isidori A, Lo Monaco A, Cappa M. A study of growth hormone release in
man after oral administration of amino acids. Curr Med Res Opin. 1981;7(7):475-81.
17. Gianotti L, Maccario M, Lanfranco F, Ramunni J, Di Vito L, Grottoli S,
Muller EE, Ghigo E, Arvat E. Arginine counteracts the inhibitory effect of
recombinant human insulin-like
growth factor I on the somatotroph responsiveness to growth hormone-releasing
hormone in humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Oct;85(10):3604-8.
18. Schwemmer M, Bassenge E. New approaches to overcome tolerance to nitrates.
Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2003 Mar;17(2):159-73.
19. Berges A, Van Nassauw L, Bosmans J, Timmermans JP, Vrints C. Role of
nitric oxide and oxidative stress in ischaemic myocardial injury and preconditioning.
Acta Cardiol.
2003 Apr;58(2):119-32.
20. Das UN. Folic acid says NO to vascular diseases. Nutrition. 2003 Jul-Aug;19(7-8):686-92.
21. Mayer B, Hemmens B. Biosynthesis and action of nitric oxide in mammalian
cells. Trends Biochem Sci. 1997 Dec;22(12):477-81.
22. Bassenge E, Fink B. Tolerance to nitrates and simultaneous upregulation
of platelet activity prevented by enhancing antioxidant state. Naunyn Schmiedebergs
Arch Pharmacol.
1996 Feb;353(3):363-7.
23. Smith AR, Hagen TM. Vascular endothelial dysfunction in aging: loss of
Akt-dependent endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation and partial
restoration by (R)-alphalipoic
acid. Biochem Soc Trans. 2003 Dec;31(Pt 6):1447-9.
24. Bridgeman MM, Marsden M, MacNee W, Flenley DC, Ryle AP. Cysteine and
glutathione concentrations in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after
treatment with Nacetylcysteine.
Thorax. 1991 Jan;46(1):39-42.
25. Stroes ES, van Faassen EE, Yo M, Martasek P, Boer P, Govers R, Rabelink
TJ. Folic acid reverts dysfunction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
Circ Res. 2000 Jun
9;86(11):1129-34.
26. Wilmink HW, Stroes ES, Erkelens WD, Gerritsen WB, Wever R, Banga JD,
Rabelink TJ. Influence of folic acid on postprandial endothelial dysfunction.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc
Biol. 2000 Jan;20(1):185-8.Click here to read Links
27. Das UN. Folic acid says NO to vascular diseases. Nutrition. 2003 Jul-Aug;19(7-8):686-92.Click
here to read Links
28. Verhaar MC, Wever RM, Kastelein JJ, van Dam T, Koomans HA, Rabelink TJ.
5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the active form of folic acid, restores endothelial
function in familial
hypercholesterolemia. Circulation. 1998 Jan 27;97(3):237-41.
29. Symons JD, Rutledge JC, Simonsen U, Pattathu RA. Vascular dysfunction
produced by hyperhomocysteinemia is more severe in the presence of low folate.
Am J Physiol
Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jan;290(1):H181-91
